Emperor Scorpion (Pandinus imperator) Care Sheet

ReptileCommunity · November 30, 2025, 1:43am

A complete guide for the successful keeping of this large, docile, high-humidity, tropical scorpion.

1. Overview & Commitment

Common Name: Emperor Scorpion (Emp Scorp)
Scientific Name: Pandinus imperator
Natural Habitat: Humid tropical forests and savannahs of West Africa (Ghana, Togo, etc.). They are terrestrial and semi-fossorial (burrowing).
Size: Very large, reaching 15 – 20 cm (6 – 8 inches) in length.
Lifespan: 6 – 8 years in captivity.
Temperament: Generally considered docile, reluctant to sting, and primarily nocturnal. Their venom is mild (comparable to a bee sting).

Emperor Scorpions require an enclosure that focuses on floor space and security.

Minimum Enclosure Size (Single Adult): 40-liter or 10-gallon tank (approx. 50 x 25 x 30 cm.
Enclosure Type: Secure glass or plastic terrarium with a tight-fitting, lockable lid. They are excellent climbers (on silicone seams and rough surfaces).
Structure: Provide dark hides (cork bark, slate, or pottery) and shallow climbing structures.

The substrate must be deep and retain high moisture levels.

Recommended Substrate: A deep layer (at least 10 – 15 cm or 4-6 inches) of a mix of Coconut Fiber (Coco Coir), Peat Moss, and Organic Topsoil.
Management: The substrate must be kept consistently damp to maintain humidity and allow for burrowing.

These scorpions require consistent tropical warmth.

Primary Heat Source: Under-Tank Heating Mat (UTH) covering 1/3 to 1/2 of the floor, connected to a Thermostat.
Ambient Temperature: 24°C – 29°C (75°F – 85°F).
Basking Spot/Hot Spot: Surface temperature above the UTH should reach 30°C – 32°C (86°F – 90°F).
Night Time: Drop should be minimal, staying above 21^\circ\text{C} (70^\circ\text{F}).

Lighting: No special lighting is required. Keep them out of direct sunlight. A red or moon-glow light can be used for nocturnal observation.
UVB: Not required.

High, stable humidity is critical for respiratory health and shedding.

Ambient Humidity: Must be maintained between 75% and 90%.
Misting: Mist the substrate and enclosure walls daily or every other day using dechlorinated water.
Water Dish: A small, shallow water dish should always be available.

Emperor Scorpions are carnivores.

Staple Diet: Appropriately sized live Crickets, Dubia Roaches, and Mealworms.
Feeding Schedule: Feed juveniles 2–3 times per week. Feed adults 1–2 times per week.
Sizing: Prey should be no longer than the scorpion’s carapace (body). Do not leave live, uneaten prey in the enclosure for long periods, as crickets can injure molting scorpions.

Handling: Handling is generally discouraged due to the risk of startling and being pinched or stung. If necessary, use long, soft-tipped tongs or guide the scorpion into a container.
Social: They are one of the few species that can be housed communally, provided they have adequate space and food, though individual housing is always safest